Fluctuating Water Pressure on Well System (2024)

Key Takeaways

Unstable water pressure in your well system may just be a sign that you’re using more water than usual.

However, it can also be a sign of problems with your well pump or pressure tank, wiring, or pipe system.

In some cases, fluctuating water pressure can reflect issues with your aquifer, such as drought.

Learning how to identify and diagnose these issues will help you find a solution to your fluctuating water pressure.

9 Common Causes of Fluctuating Water Pressure in a Well Water System

Fluctuating water pressure in a well system can be caused by a variety of factors. Here are nine likely reasons:

1. Demand variation

Yo-yoing water pressure in a well system often concerns the water demand within your home. Think of a scenario where multiple faucets are turned on simultaneously, the washing machine is running, and someone is taking a shower. This sudden surge in water usage creates a high demand that the well system struggles to keep up with.

As a result, the pressure within the system can drop, causing your once-refreshing shower to turn into a dribble or, worse, sputter to a halt.

To remedy this situation, first evaluate your water-intensive activities. Instead of running the dishwasher while taking a shower, space out these tasks to lessen demand.

Second, consider installing a water pressure tank with a larger capacity to act as a buffer, storing extra water when demand is low and releasing it when usage surges, thereby maintaining more consistent pressure.

Additionally, explore the possibility of a variable speed well pump. Unlike traditional pumps that only have an on/off setting, variable speed pumps can adjust their output based on demand, helping to prevent drastic pressure fluctuations.

Installing a water pressure booster pump can also be a game-changer when it comes to tackling shifting water pressure in a well system.

When your system struggles to keep up with water demand, like during simultaneous showering, laundry, and dishwashing, the water pressure booster pump kicks in. It pumps extra oomph into the water flow, ensuring that every faucet and showerhead gets the pressure they need.

Here’s a list of the seven best water pressure booster pumps to help you get your fluctuating well water back on track.

2. Well pump issues

A malfunctioning pump might struggle to consistently draw water from the well, resulting in irregular water flow and pressure variations.

If the pump is not operating at its optimal capacity or if it’s cycling on and off too frequently, you might experience sudden drops or surges in water pressure while using faucets, showers, or appliances. This can turn simple tasks like washing dishes or taking a shower into a rather exasperating experience.

Addressing pump problems requires a systematic approach. First and foremost, it’s essential to have your well pump inspected by a qualified technician. They can assess the pump’s condition, checking for issues such as worn-out parts, electrical problems, or improper pump sizing.

Regular maintenance, including cleaning and lubricating the pump, can go a long way in preventing pump-related pressure fluctuations. Ensuring that the pressure switch is properly calibrated and functioning correctly can help regulate the pump’s operation and contribute to stable water pressure.

Depending on the severity of the problem, repairing or replacing the pump might be necessary. The average well pump lasts between 15 and 30 years.

If it’s time to replace yours, here are some of the best well pumps out there.

3. Well pump cycling

Pump cycling, specifically short cycling, refers to a well pump turning on and off frequently, often due to rapid changes in water demand or inadequate pump settings. When the pump cycles too frequently, it can’t maintain a steady flow of water, leading to inconsistent pressure throughout your plumbing system.

To tackle well pump short cycling and restore more even water pressure, a comprehensive approach is necessary. Begin by checking the pressure settings on your pressure switch. Adjusting the cut-in and cut-out pressures to match your household’s water needs can help reduce unnecessary cycling.

Installing a pressure tank with a larger capacity can act as a buffer, allowing the pump to run less frequently while still meeting demand. This can contribute to smoother pressure levels.

Additionally, investing in a constant pressure system or a variable speed pump can help regulate the pump’s operation more efficiently, preventing abrupt on/off cycles and resulting in more consistent water pressure.

Constant pressure systems are advanced pump control systems designed to maintain steady and consistent water pressure in residential water supply systems, like a water pressure regulator. These systems use modern technology to regulate the speed of the pump motor in response to changes in water demand.

We’ve written an article all about well pump short cycling, so check it out to learn more.

4. Water pressure tank problems

The pressure tank acts as a reservoir, storing water under pressure to meet sudden demands. If the water tank has a faulty bladder (the internal flexible separator), it might not hold pressure effectively, causing the pump to cycle more frequently.

This can lead to inconsistent pressure as the tank fails to supply a steady flow of water when needed. If the pressure tank is undersized for your household’s water usage, it might deplete quickly during high-demand periods, resulting in sudden drops in pressure.

To remedy pressure tank issues, start by checking the pressure tank’s air pressure using a pressure gauge. The air pressure should be set to match the “cut-in” pressure of the pump (the pressure at which the pump starts). Adjusting the air pressure accordingly can help the tank work more efficiently.

If the pressure tank’s bladder is damaged, replacing the bladder or the entire tank might be necessary. It’s important to consult a professional for proper diagnosis and repair.

Additionally, upgrading to a larger pressure tank with sufficient capacity for your household’s water usage can help reduce pressure fluctuations by providing a larger reserve of water during peak demand periods.

Regular pressure tank maintenance, such as inspecting for leaks and ensuring proper pressure switch settings, can also contribute to consistent water pressure.

Read more about how to maintain a pressure tank.

5. Air in the system

Air can become trapped in the main water supply pipes or pressure tank, impeding the flow of water and causing pressure variations.

When air is introduced into the system, usually by a leak somewhere, it compresses differently than water, resulting in an uneven pressure distribution and erratic water delivery. This can manifest as sputtering faucets, inconsistent shower streams, or even a complete loss of water flow during the worst moments.

To address air-related water pressure fluctuations, a process known as “bleeding” or “purging” the system is often required. Start by turning off the well pump and opening the highest and lowest faucets in your home to allow the air to escape. This process helps release trapped air from the pipes and pressure tank.

Bleeding the system can reduce air accumulation and maintain more stable water pressure.

You’ll also want to find the source of the air, since it’s most likely a leak. Luckily, the presence of unwanted water somewhere on your property should give it away.

Additionally, ensuring the pressure tank’s air bladder is properly pressurized is crucial. If the bladder is damaged or the air pressure is incorrect, it can lead to air-related pressure issues.

In some cases, consulting a professional well technician may be necessary for diagnosing and resolving air-related water pressure problems effectively.

6. Leaks

Undetected leaks in pipes, joints, or fixtures between the well and where the water enters the home can result in the loss of water as it escapes from the system. This affects the pressure within the system, leading to a sudden pressure drop when the leak is actively releasing water. The well pump then struggles to maintain a steady flow, causing fluctuations that can disrupt everyday activities like showering or washing dishes.

To prevent leak-related water pressure fluctuations, proactive measures are essential. Regularly inspect your plumbing system for any signs of leaks, such as damp spots, mold growth, large unexplained puddles, or sudden increases in your water bill. If you suspect a leak, it’s crucial to locate and repair it promptly to prevent further pressure disruptions.

Professional plumbers can employ leak detection techniques, such as pressure testing or thermal imaging, to pinpoint hidden leaks accurately. Once identified, repairs can range from simple fixes like replacing a faulty valve to more complex tasks like resealing joints or replacing sections of pipes.

7. Clogged filters or pipes

Over time, debris, sediment, and mineral deposits can accumulate in the filters, pipes, and plumbing fixtures, hindering the smooth flow of water. As water encounters these obstructions, pressure variations occur, leading to uneven distribution and unexpected pressure drops. The result? Faucets that sputter and showers that lose their invigorating stream.

Addressing clogged filter and pipe issues starts with routine maintenance. Regularly inspect and clean your well system’s filters to remove any accumulated debris. Flushing your plumbing system periodically can also help dislodge sediment and mineral deposits that might be causing blockages.

If the clogs are severe, professional plumbing assistance may be required. Installing additional filtration systems or water softeners can help prevent future buildup, ensuring a smoother and more consistent water flow that keeps pressure fluctuations at bay.

8. Electrical issues

The well pump relies on a consistent and reliable electrical supply to function properly. If there are problems with the electrical wiring, connections, or power source, the pump may not operate as intended. Fluctuations or interruptions in the power supply can lead to erratic pump performance, resulting in uneven water pressure throughout your home.

Begin by checking the well pump’s electrical connections, ensuring that they are secure and free from corrosion. Inspect the pressure switch, which controls the pump’s operation, to ensure it’s functioning correctly. If you suspect electrical problems, consult a professional electrician or well technician.

They can perform thorough diagnostics, identify any wiring issues, and make necessary repairs to ensure a consistent and uninterrupted power supply to the well pump. Regularly monitoring the electrical components of your well system and addressing issues promptly can help maintain steady water pressure and a smoothly functioning well system.

9. Water table fluctuations

Water table fluctuations can cause inconsistent water pressure in a well system, creating a roller-coaster of pressure variations that can leave you scratching your head. The water table represents the level of groundwater serving the well, and changes in this level can affect the amount of water available for pumping, especially in shallow wells.

During periods of heavy rainfall, the water table may rise, providing ample water supply and resulting in higher water pressure. Conversely, during dry spells or droughts, the water table may drop, causing the well to struggle to draw enough water, leading to lower pressure or even intermittent flow.

To mitigate the impact of water table fluctuations on your water pressure, consider some practical strategies. First and foremost, staying informed about local weather patterns and seasonal changes can help you anticipate potential water table shifts. During times of low water table levels, you might consider reducing water usage to avoid straining the system.

Installing a deeper well or adjusting the well pump’s depth could also provide access to more stable water levels, helping to maintain consistent pressure. Consulting a professional well technician can provide valuable insights into optimizing your well’s setup to minimize the effects of water table fluctuations on water pressure.

Conclusion

So there you have it, the mystery behind those ups and downs in your well water pressure. From demand changes to well pump quirks, we’ve uncovered the reasons behind this roller-coaster ride.

The good news is that armed with these insights, you’re now equipped to tackle the issue head-on and bring back the steady flow you deserve.

Remember, whether it’s fixing a leak, maintaining your well pump, or considering smart upgrades like constant pressure systems, taking action can make a big difference.

Interested in knowing more about or upgrading your well water system? Discover additional topics with these links:

Have you experienced fluctuating well water pressure? Was the cause something on this list or something else? We’d love to hear from you! Please leave a comment below and get the conversation rolling.

Fluctuating Water Pressure on Well System: 9 Common Causes (2024)